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Scris de Gheorghe Piperea

Programul Piperea

1. Transportul este o faza inseparabila a circulatiei marfurilor, de care depinde intreaga economie si fara de care atat productia, cat si comertul ar deveni imposibile sau lipsite de sens. Transportul este, de altfel, mijlocul prin care se asigura libera circulatie a persoanelor. Gradul de civilizatie al unei natiuni este dat de gradul de dezvoltare a sistemului de transport.
Din pacate, insa, in ultimii 20 de ani, calea ferata a intrat intr-un declin continuu si de neoprit care a facut posibila hegemonia de fapt a transportului rutier, mai scump, mai poluant si mai putin sigur decat transportul feroviar.

Politica pe termen mediu si lung a Romaniei in domeniul infrastructurii si al transporturilor ar trebui sa fie, in primul rand, aceea de abandonare a tendintei de favorizare a transportului rutier in dauna celui feroviar, si de facilitare a celui feroviar, prin investitii in infrastructura feroviara.

Consolidarea sau constructia unei cai ferate de mare viteza care sa lege principalele orase ale tarii si constructia unei retele complexe de cale ferata in regiunea metropolitana a Bucurestiului, care sa permita mobilitatea nepoluanta si ieftina a locuitorilor din jurul Bucurestiului, precum si reducerea aglomerarii cu automobile a capitalei, sunt nu numai obiective prioritare in urmatorii zece ani pentru repozitionarea transportului feroviar in cadrul sistemului romanesc de transport, ci si tinte de investitii majore, din bani privati sau publici (inclusiv bani ai Uniunii Europene), care pot crea sau mentine un mare numar de locuri de munca. 
in Romania viitorului apropiat trebuie descurajat transportul cu automobilul personal, costisitor si poluant, in favoarea transportului cu trenul. Oamenii se pot deplasa rapid si in siguranta dintr-o regiune in alta sau din suburbii in metropola cu ajutorul trenului de mare viteza. in marile orase ale Europei gara, statia de metrou, statia de autobuz sau de tramvai si aeroportul sunt in aceeasi locatie, asigurand o mare mobilitate si optiuni multiple calatorilor.
Acest concept trebuie implementat de urgenta si in Romania. Transportul facil, la ore exacte, din locatii bine conectate cu restul mijloacelor de transport in comun, aduce valoare adaugata: companiile din orase isi reduc costurile salariale, iar locuitorii din suburbii isi pot gasi loc de munca in oras.  

O masura ce nu poate astepta este obligarea camioanelor de mare tonaj care tranziteaza Romania de a parcurge teritoriul tarii incarcate pe trenuri. Aceste camioane sunt principala sursa de accidente majore pe sosele si de poluare si, data fiind greutatea lor, ele provoaca cele mai mari daune soselelor, care trebuie reparate continuu cu bani publici.  
Toate aceste masuri sunt imposibile fara o solutie economic sanatoasa la problema majora a datoriilor societatilor romanesti de cale ferata.

Prima masura ce trebuie luata de autoritatile romanesti pentru a putea implementa un plan de dezvoltare a transportului feroviar in Romania este privatizarea prin reorganizare judiciara a CFR Marfa si a CFR Calatori.
in acelasi timp, planul de dezvoltare a transportului feroviar necesita mentinerea CFR Infrastructura in patrimoniul statului, dar si demararea unor contracte de concesiune sau de parteneriat public - privat pentru constructia, reparatia si intretinerea cailor ferate si a infrastructurii de siguranta si de comunicatii aferenta. 

2. Infrastructura de comunicatii in Romania, cu unele exceptii notabile in domeniul telefoniei mobile, este la un nivel precar, departe de ceea ce ar presupune racordarea Romaniei, ca membru al Uniunii Europene, la magistralele de comunicatii europene. O mica parte din populatia Romaniei are acces la internet. Televiziunea digitala inca nu a inlocuit televiziunea prin cablu, in conditiile in care tot mai multi romani se aboneaza la aceste sisteme de comunicatii, iar orasele Romaniei sunt impanzite cu cabluri care pun in pericol siguranta traficului si estetica a locului.   

Pe termen mediu si lung Romania trebuie sa faciliteze dezvoltarea infrastructurii de comunicatii, in special prin internet, cablu subteran si prin digitalizare. Transportul, mai ales cel feroviar si cel aerian, nu este eficient fara o infrastructura de comunicatii eficienta.   
Pentru democratia din Romania este necesara implementarea votului on-line, a e-guvernarii si a transparentei actului de guvernare.   

O buna infrastructura de comunicatii asigura nu numai o informare mai prompta si mai completa a cetateanului, dar si o mai buna reactie a autoritatilor la catastrofe naturale, atacuri teroriste, riscuri de conflict armat etc.

Varianta completa a Programului Piperea - AICI

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